BIOL 211 – CELLULAR AND ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY

Lecture Outline for March 30, 2005

Topic: introduction to plants

Chapter 22; some from all sections

Figures used in lecture: 22.2, 22.4, 22.6, 22.7, 22.8, 22.9, 22.11, 22.13, 22.16, 22.18

Additional Resources:

Monocots vs Dicots

Kingdom Plantae

Define/explain: autotrophic, tracheids, non-tracheophytes, tracheophytes, non-seed plants, seed plants, gymnosperms, angiosperms, monocots, dicots, cotyledon, shoot system, root system, node, internode, leaf, blade, petiole, apical bud, lateral bud, meristem, apical meristem, lateral meristem, indeterminate growth, determinate growth

You should be able to:

1. Describe the general characteristics of plants

2. Describe the characteristics and give an example of each of the following types of plants:

A. Nontracheophytes

B. Tracheophytes

1. Non-seed plants

2. Seed plants

a) Gymnosperms

b) Angiosperms

1) monocots

2) eudicots

3. Explain how the evolution of tracheids contributed to the movement of plants to land

4. Label or identify the following structures on a diagram of a monocot or a dicot: shoot, root, node, internode, leaf, blade, petiole, apical bud, lateral bud (NOTE: Some of these structures are not found on monocot plants.)

Today’s Lecture (3-30-05)

Animal tissue types

Introduction to plants

Characteristics of Plants

1.

2.

3. autotrophic –

4.

5.

6.

Evolution of Plants

Kingdom Plantae arose from green algae

600mya –

480mya –

400mya –

Plant Diversity

A. Nontracheophytes

B. Tracheophytes

Tracheid:

B. Tracheophytes

1. Non-seed plants

2. Seed plants

a.) Gymnosperms

b.) Angiosperms

1.) monocot

2.) dicots

Monocots vs Dicots

mono di

Cotyledons 1 2

Leaf shape narrow broad

Leaf venation parallel net

Root system fibrous tap

Floral parts 3’s 4’s or 5’s

Plant Growth

Plant growth occurs at meristems.

Meristem:

1. Apical meristem

a. shoot apical meristem

b. root apical meristem

2. Lateral meristems

Indeterminate growth:

Determinate growth: