BIOL 211 - CELLULAR AND ORGANSIMAL BIOLOGY

Lecture Outline for January 24, 2005

Topic: Macromolecules - proteins, nucleic acids

Chapter 2 sections 2.3

Figures used in lecture: 2.18, 2.20, 2.21, 2.22

Additional Resources

Proteins

DNA Structure

Key Words

Protein, amino acid, peptide, polypeptide, peptide bond, amino group, carboxyl group, R group (variable group), primary (1^o) structure, secondary (2^o) structure, tertiary (3^o) structure, quarternary (4^o) structure, nucleic acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotide, nitrogenous base, adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G), uracil (U)

Proteins

monomer = amino acids

You should know the general structure of an amino acid. You are not responsible for the structures of the 20 different R groups.

Functions are varied but include structural support, transport, protection, movement, defense, regulation, enzymes

Nucleic Acids

monomer = nucleotides (sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base)

function: specialized for the storage, transmission, and use of genetic information

two types: DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA: ribonucleic acid

You should know the general structure of a nucleotide. You do not have to know the detailed structures of the nitrogenous bases (until later in the semester.

You should know which nitrogenous bases are found in DNA and which are found in RNA.