Biology 540 Fall 2007

Professor EE Serrano

Science and Ethics

Journal (175 points)  Due  Dec 4

Updated 11/16/07

 

 

 

GOAL.

The objective of the journal assignment is for students to explore their own values and ethics in the context of scientific issues that are raised by media articles, TV programs, science classes, lab exercises, research experiences etc. as well as reading and other class assignments.  It is hoped that the journal will be useful resource for students over the years as they continue their own exploration of ethical themes throughout professional life.

 

FORMAT:

All assignments should be submitted:

·        With the last 4 digits of your NMSU ID, NOT your name, on the header of every page

·        typed

·        in Arial 11 pt font

·        single spaced

·        numbered pages

JOURNAL (175 POINTS) DUE DATE: November 27

·        Assemble the following items and submit them typed and in order.

·        Discussion with other students, faculty, advisors etc is encouraged during preparation of this journal.

 

A.   Philosophical Perspectives (30 points)  

·        Access the following websites and select and print and read ONE article from GROUP A and ONE article from GROUP B for your journal.

·        Prepare a commentary (4-6 paragraphs) about each article. Some suggestions for discussion: why you chose the article, what you found informative and provocative about the article, what you gained from reading and thinking about it, links between the thoughts and opinions expressed by the authors and prevailing attitudes and assumptions about science and the scientific process among scientists you know.

GROUP A

1.     Rene Descartes (1637) Discourse on the  method of rightly conducting the reason and seeking for truth in the sciences

2.     Immanuel Kant (1785) Introduction to the Metaphysics of Morals

3.     John Locke (1869) An Essay concerning Human Understanding  

4.     John Stuart Mill (1863) Utilitarianism

GROUP B

1.     Bertrand Russell (1924) ICARUS or The Future of Science  

2.     Thomas Kuhn   (1962)   The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

3.     Karl Popper  (1966) Objective Knowledge

4.     Paul Feyerabend   (1975) Against Method:  Outline of an anarchistic theory of knowledge 

 

B.   Animals in Research (30 points)  

Visit this website dedicated to Peter Singer and read THREE articles that argue against the use of animals in research. Prepare a 2-3 page commentary on Singer's views as compared with the Chapter by Macrina. List key arguments for the use of animals and against the use of animals in research. Cite the articles in your essay

 

C.  Research  Choices (15 points)

Read the article  Scientists build polio virus  from scratch    In 3-5 paragraphs answer the following: Do you believe the authors should  (a) have conducted the research (b) have published the research? Justify your position.

 

D.  Humans in Research  (50 points)

  • 25 pts Complete the online course Human Participant Protections Education    Submit the certificate for credit.
  • 25 pts.  Access the material on the following websites.  Use the contents to prepare a 20-30 slide powerpoint presentation at a level suitable for an undergraduate introductory biology class that summarizes selected material.  Submit a printout of the slides with an introductory paragraph that explains the rationale behind your presentation design.  What topics did you choose and why? Prior to this class, were you familiar with these topics?  How generally do you believe this information is known? 

 

E.  Environmental Ethics and International Science (20 points)

Diverse perspectives. Access the following URLS an briefly answer the following questions. 

 

1.      What ethical and societal issues are raised on these web sites? Do you share any of these concerns?

2.      What is biopiracy? What are some of the issues being debated in this area?

3.      Do you have concerns regarding the environment in the Las Cruces/El Paso region? Explain.

4.      Do you have concerns regarding bioterrorism in the Las Cruces/El Paso region? Explain.

 

F.  Economics: Policy and Funding (20 points)

You are invited to sit on a government panel as a "citizen representing the community".  Your task is to select and prioritize research areas for funding initiatives from the following list of fifteen.  How would you divide the fifteen research areas into the following 3 groups? In 4-5 paragraphs, explain the rationale for your funding choices. 

GROUP A  ABSOLUTELY MUST BE FUNDED. 

Top 15 % ONLY 2 RESEARCH AREAS CAN GO HERE

GROUP B  MODERATE CHANCE FOR FUNDING. 

Next 20 % ONLY 3 RESEARCH AREAS CAN GO HERE

GROUP C  NO CHANCE FOR FUNDING. 

TEN MUST GO HERE:

THE RESEARCH AREAS:

1.      Research in child health and nutrition.

2.      Genetic engineering of crop plants for increased productivity in areas of low water availability.

3.      Research on brain-machine interfaces

4.      Research on nanomaterials that will provide better defensive protection for soldiers

5.      Development of genetic tests for all the genes in the human genome.

6.      Research to develop alternative sources of energy 

7.      Alzheimers research

8.      Breast cancer research

9.      Diabetes research

10.  Research on aging in women

11.  Drug therapies to treat depression

12.  Conservation research to preserve habitats and endangered species

13.  Reproductive technologies to overcome infertility

14.  Pain research

15.  Astrobiology research to study origins of life in the universe

 

G.  Original Case Studies (20 points)

Using any material available to you from class assignments or readings, prepare TWO case studies that explore themes at the interface of science and ethics.  You are encouraged to use the material from your class presentations to develop the case studies.

·        One case study should address responsible conduct in research.

·        One case study should explore an ethical dilemma raised by scientific research.